MedicationRequest resource

Guidance for populating and consuming the MedicationRequest resource

Introduction

The headings below list the elements of the MedicationRequest resource and describe how to populate and consume them.

Important: Any element not specifically listed below MUST NOT be populated or consumed.

Tip: You’ll find it helpful to read it in conjunction with the underlying MedicationRequest profile definition

Overarching principles

When populating the MedicationRequest profile it may appear that fields are duplicated in other associated resources. In the interests of minimising redundancy, the 2 following principles MUST be applied when populating the MedicationRequest profiles:

All mandatory fields MUST be populated.
Required fields MUST always be populated where the data exists in the system apart from where a lexically identical value exists for an equivalent data item in one of the parent profiles. For a MedicationRequest with intent of plan the associated MedicationStatement would be the parent profile. For a MedicationRequest with intent of order, the associated MedicationStatement and MedicationRequest with intent of plan are both considered parent profiles.

MedicationRequest elements

id

Data type: Id Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

The logical identifier of the MedicationRequest resource.

meta.profile

Data type: uri Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

The MedicationRequest profile URL.

Fixed value https://fhir.nhs.uk/STU3/StructureDefinition/CareConnect-GPC-MedicationRequest-1

extension[repeatInformation]

Data type: Extension Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

Extension elements to hold details of repeat authorisation.

MUST be absent for acute medications.

extension[repeatInformation].numberOfRepeatPrescriptionsAllowed

Data type: UnsignedInt Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

The number of repeat issues authorised if specified.

MUST be present where a repeat is authorised for a defined number of issues.

MUST NOT be specified where the number of repeat issues has not been defined. There is no concept of an initial dispense in GP Connect usage. Therefore, the numberOfRepeats allowed is the total number of allowed issues.

extension[repeatInformation].numberOfRepeatPrescriptionsIssued

Data type: UnsignedInt Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

Running total of number of issues made against a repeat authorisation.

MUST be zero, if not yet issued.

extension[repeatInformation].authorisationExpiryDate

Data type: dateTime Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

The date a repeat prescription authorisation will expire.

extension[statusReason]

Data type: extension (statusReason) Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

Where a medication has been stopped (status == ‘stopped’), the reason is provided in the statusReason extension.

Mandatory for authorisations with stopped status.

extension[statusReason].date

Data type: extension (valueDateTime) Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

The dateTime the medication was stopped/discontinued.

Mandatory for stopped/discontinued medications as the date will always be known. In exceptional cases where for legacy data there is no statusReason recorder in the system then this MUST be populated with the text ‘No information available’.

extension[statusReason].reason

Data type: extension (CodeableConcept) Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

The textual reason either free text or the term of a code for stopping/discontinuing the medication.

MUST be populated when StatusReason.date is populated.

Tip: Please see CodeableConcept and common code systems when populating this element.

extension[prescriptionType]

Data type: extension (prescriptionType) Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 0..1

If a medication is an acute, acute-handwritten, delayed acute, repeat or repeat dispense.

This field provides an explicit repeat/acute flag rather than deriving it from presence of extension elements or repeatNumber.

In exceptional cases where for legacy data there is no prescriptionType recorded in the system then this MUST be populated with the text ‘No information available’.

identifier

Data type: Identifier Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..*

This MUST be populated with a globally unique and persistent identifier (that is, it doesn’t change between requests and therefore stored with the source data). This MUST be scoped by a provider specific namespace for the identifier.

Where consuming systems are integrating data from this resource to their local system, they MUST also persist this identifier at the same time.

If the EPS identifier is present then the identifier.value is where the EPS Id SHOULD also be added. The codeSystem for this identifier is https://fhir.nhs.uk/Id/eps-line-item-identifier

basedOn

Data type: Reference(CarePlan, MedicationRequest, ProcedureRequest, ReferralRequest) Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..*

This field is used to create the links between MedicationRequest resources to represent the medication ordering process as described here. This MUST be used when a resource has an intent element that is set to order and is basedOn a MedicationRequest resource that has an intent set to plan.

DO NOT USE for authorisations - that is, for a MedicationRequest with intent of plan.

groupIdentifier

Data type: Identifier Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

Composite request this is part of. The element in the Identifier data type that MUST be populated when a groupIdentifier is populated is identifier.value.

All repeat prescribed and repeat dispensed medications MUST have a group identifier that is populated for the ‘plan’ and all ‘orders’ relating to them.

status

Data type: Code Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

The status of the authorisation.

Use one of active, completed or stopped:

active represents an active authorisation - used for active medications.
stopped represents an authorisation which has been discontinued, cancelled or stopped.
complete represents an authorisation which has run its course.

For MedicationRequest instances where intent is set to plan:

For repeats and repeat dispensed the status refers to the status of the plan (the entire cycle of prescriptions).
For acutes the status refers to the status of the prescription issue.

For MedicationRequest instances where intent is set to order:

The status refers to the status of the prescription issue.

intent

Data type: Code Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

Used to distinguish between authorisations and medication issues.

Use one of plan or order:

plan represents an authorisation of a medication or medical device.
order represents a prescription or issue of a medication or medical device.

medication

Data type: Reference(Medication) Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

The medication the authorisation is for.

The Medication resource provides the coded representation of the medication.

subject

Data type: Reference(Patient) Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

Who the medication is for - that is, to whom it will be administered.

Reference to patient.

context

Data type: Reference(Encounter) Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

The Encounter within which the medication was authorised.

As per base profile guidance.

authoredOn

Data type: dateTime Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

Authorisation date, when the medication was authorised.

Unless there is a distinct user-modifiable date and time for the authorisation, this is the audit trail dateTime for when the authorisation was entered.

requester

Data type: BackboneElement Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

Person and their organization requesting authorisation for prescription.

To be used if the medication was prescribed at another practice and has been imported via GP2GP. In that case, the onBehalfOf MUST be completed with a reference to the other organisation.

If the medication has been prescribed elsewhere and, for example, is detailed in the sending system as a hospital medication, this MUST be detailed using an organisation.type code in the agent reference in the requester element.

recorder

Data type: Reference(Practitioner) Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

The responsible Practitioner who authorised the medication.

May not always be the user who entered the record on the system but, where a system supports attribution to a responsible clinician, the attributed clinician MUST be referenced here.

reasonCode

Data type: CodeableConcept Optionality: Optional Cardinality: 0..*

The coded reason for authorising the medication.

Tip: Please see CodeableConcept and common code systems when populating this element.

reasonReference

Data type: Reference(Condition), Reference(Observation) Optionality: Optional Cardinality: 0..*

References the condition or observation that was the reason for this authorisation.

Unless there is a specific linkage in the context of medication, indirect linkages to be handled via Problem list.

note

Data type: Annotation Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..*

All notes that are associated with this medication record.

Sometimes labelled Pharmacy text or instructions for pharmacy.

dosageInstruction

Data type: Dosage Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

The elements of the dosage datatype detailed below should be populated as described. All other elements that are part of the dosage datatype are optional.

dosageInstruction.text

Data type: String Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

Complete dosage instructions as text.

In exceptional cases where for legacy data there is no dosage information recorded in the system then this MUST be populated with the text ‘No information available’.

dosageInstruction.patientInstruction

Data type: String Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

Additional instructions for patient - that is, RHS of prescription label.

dispenseRequest.validityPeriod

Data type: Period Optionality: Mandatory Cardinality: 1..1

Prescription start and end dates.

Start date is mandatory. Where there is a defined expiry or end date the end date MUST be supplied.

For MedicationRequest instances where intent is set to plan:

This refers to the period that the medication/medical device plan is active.
This MUST mirror MedicationStatement.effective

For MedicationRequest instances where intent is set to order:

This refers to the period that the issued prescription is active

Period.start is MANDATORY.

Use one of the following dates in order of descending preference:

The prescription issue date recorded in the patient record
The date the prescription was recorded.

Period.end is MANDATORY.

Use one of the following dates in order of descending preference:

The prescription end date recorded in the patient record
The prescription end date derived from period.start and the duration
The Period.start date
- This option should only occur where data has been lost (for example during the record transfer between two systems) and is used to ensure that an ended prescription will always have an end date.

dispenseRequest.quantity

Data type: SimpleQuantity Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

The quantity to dispense.

If the value is text then the extension dispenseRequest.quantityText MUST be used.

dispenseRequest.quantityText

Data type: String Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

This field is used to contain the units relating to the quantity. For example ‘tablet(s)’, ‘capsule(s)’ or ‘dose(s)’.

It may also be a textual representation of quantity. Only to be used in this way if there is no numerical value.

dispenseRequest.expectedSupplyDuration

Data type: Duration Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

Number of days’ supply per dispense.

dispenseRequest.performer

Data type: Reference(Organization) Optionality: Required Cardinality: 0..1

The organisation that dispensed the issue. This can only be completed where the provider organisation knows explicitly which organisation dispensed the issue. It cannot be assumed to be the nominated pharmacy or appliance supplier.

Only populate for a MedicationRequest with an intent = order. For a MedicationRequest with an intent = plan this field is not populated.

priorPrescription

Data type: Reference(MedicationRequest) Optionality: Optional Cardinality: 0..1

References prior prescription authorisation.

May be used, for example, to reference prior authorisation where prescription is re-authorised or where amendments have been made. May reference the previous authorisation before the amendment.

MedicationRequest elements not in use

The following elements MUST NOT be populated:

meta.versionId

Data type: Id